prevention or mitigation of infectious bronchitis and Newcastle disease in chickens.

Infectious bronchitis virus ( IBV, K40/09 Hi passage strain ) - More than102.5EID50 Newcastle disease virus ( NDV, K148/08 strain ) - More than102.5EID50

For chicks (Broiler) aged one day or older, the following spray vaccination or drinking water vaccination is administered based on the farm's conditions: A. Initial vaccination: Spray vaccination at 1 day of age B. Revaccination: Drinking water vaccination at 2 weeks of age C. Spray Vaccination Method 1) Adjustment of spray nozzle for particle size: The particle size of the spray should be about 80-100μm. 2) When spraying with maximum pressure towards sunlight, the particles should be very fine and clearly visible. The optimal size is when, sprayed at a distance of 50cm, the liquid droplets on a glass window (or mirror) maintains a round shape without dripping. 3) Dilution ratio: It is suitable to dilute at a ratio of 1,000 doses of vaccine to 200mL of distilled water. If necessary, the amount of distilled water for dilution may vary based on age and feeding systems but should fall within the range of 200 to 500 mL. A maximum of three days for dilution is advisable, and it is recommended to use distilled water stored at room temperature. 4) Spraying vaccination method: Arrange the chick boxes for spraying in a way that allows easy spraying during placement. Spray from a height of 50cm above the chicks' heads to ensure uniform administration. When spraying, ensure that the spray particles are not scattered by stopping the ventilation and heating systems. Leave the sprayed chicks in the chick boxes for about 10-15 minutes before releasing. D. Drinking water vaccination method: 1) Clean the drinking and dilution equipment thoroughly with water the day before use and allow them to dry. 2) Adding 0.3-0.5% skimmed milk powder to the drinking water can enhance the vaccination effect. 3) Prepare enough drinkers to ensure that over two-thirds of the target chickens can drink simultaneously. 4) Ensure that the chickens receiving the vaccine consume the entire amount within 1-2 hours. 5) Use water without chlorine for dilution. 6) After administering the vaccine, provide regular drinking using clean water without disinfectants. 7) The amount of water for diluting 1,000 doses of vaccine is as follows and may vary based on the season, specification management, and breed of chickens.